Telnet
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Telnet
The unRAID Server software includes a built-in Telnet server, which may be used to open a command window (also called a shell or console) on your server. Access to this console is through a Telnet program from your desktop station. The Telnet tool is usually a part of most operating systems, and generally immediately available, but in Windows Vista and Windows 7, needs to be 'turned on' through the "Turn Windows features on or off" tool. Please see this thread for comments on Telnet usage in Vista, Windows 7, and the Mac.
PuTTY
A better alternative to the built in Telnet tool is PuTTY, which is a free and greatly enhanced version of Telnet. It is available for Windows and Linux, but not the Mac (sorry!). PuTTY, unlike Telnet, allows you to use the mouse and advanced keys, such as the arrow and function keys. PuTTY can also be setup with your unRAID server name, and the login and password typed in for you.
- PuTTY web site
- Direct download of PuTTY for Windows
- PuTTY downloads page - for other downloads, such as other OS's, beta versions, or a Windows installer version
Because PuTTY is just an enhanced Telnet program, it can be used instead of Telnet anywhere that Telnet is mentioned, such as below or anywhere in the Wiki or the unRAID forums. It is used the same way as Telnet, but because it supports the mouse and arrow and function keys, it is much easier to use in programs like MC (see Transferring Files Within the unRAID Server).
Note for UnRAID v5 users: some have found that Midnight Commander looks funny, with accented letters (mostly a little 'a' with a hat) where line drawing characters should be. In your PuTTY configuration, go to Window->Translation and set Remote Character Set to something like UTF-8, then restart MC (thanks to Wody for this tip, see this). Wody has an additional PuTTY tip in this post.
Opening a Telnet session
To open a Telnet session from Windows click Start -> Run. In the dialog box type:
telnet tower
If you renamed your server from tower, enter that name instead. Also, you may enter the server’s IP address instead of its name. A command window will open and you will be presented with a login prompt. The login name is root, and by default, there is no password. To terminate the session, just close the window. You may have multiple Telnet sessions to the same server. You can select/copy/paste the text from a Windows Telnet window by right-clicking the title bar. Notes regarding the command shell:
* commands and arguments are case-sensitive * commands and arguments must be separated with spaces * commands are executed after pressing the Enter key
System Log
The unRAID Server system log is a good place to start when troubleshooting. To display this log, type:
cat /var/log/syslog
You can also have messages printed out as they occur:
tail -f /var/log/syslog
To terminate this, type Ctrl-C.
Processes
To see a list of running processes and how much of the CPU they are using:
top
Hard Drive Info
To see information about a hard drive:
hdparm -i device
or
hdparm -I device
... where device is the device identifier for the disk as specified on the Devices page. For example, suppose your parity disk is assigned to /dev/hda, then you would type:
hdparm -i /dev/hda
Note: this is a copy of the old Lime Technology page 33, http://lime-technology.com/wordpress/?page_id=33. It may disappear at any time.
